one-eyed bull - Thomas of Cantimpré, Liber de natura rerum, France ca. 1290

Valenciennes, Bibliothèque municipale, MS 320, fol. 82r, a richly illustrated French manuscript of the Liber de natura rerum made around 1290. The manuscript contains hundreds of animal illustrations, and the one-eyed bull is explicitly identified by modern cataloguers as a “one-eyed bull.”

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Who was Thomas of Cantimpré?

Thomas of Cantimpré (c. 1200–1272) was a Dominican theologian and encyclopedist. His Liber de natura rerum (“Book on the Nature of Things”) was composed in stages during the thirteenth century. The work ultimately comprised 20 books, covering subjects ranging from human anatomy and the soul to animals, plants, minerals, astronomy, meteorology, and the elements.

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